Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. When dried, the fruit is known as a peppercorn. When fresh and fully mature, it is approximately 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in diameter, dark red, and, like all drupes, contains a single seed. Peppercorns, and the ground pepper derived from them, may be described simply as pepper, or more precisely as black pepper (cooked and dried unripe fruit), green pepper (dried unripe fruit) and white pepper (ripe fruit seeds).
Food Property | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
Flavor Profile | Spiciness | Black pepper is known for its spicy and pungent flavor profile, adding heat and depth to dishes. |
Texture | Graininess | Black pepper typically has a coarse and grainy texture due to being ground from peppercorns. |
Aroma | Volatile Compounds | Black pepper has volatile compounds that contribute to its strong and distinct aroma. |
Color | Natural Pigments | Black pepper gets its color from natural pigments in the peppercorns. |
Nutritional Value | Micronutrients | Black pepper contains micronutrients such as manganese, vitamin K, and iron, which contribute to its nutritional value. |
Cooking Behavior | Heat Conductivity | Black pepper does not significantly impact heat conductivity during cooking. |
Water Retention | Black pepper does not impact water retention during cooking. | |
Oil Absorption | Black pepper may absorb some oil during cooking, depending on the dish preparation. |
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